ASSOCIATION OF MASSETER MUSCLE VOLUME WITH RISK OF OSTEOPOROSIS IN OLDER ADULTS: THE BUNKYO HEALTH STUDY

Abstract Abstract The relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and oral function has been previously studied. However, the relationship between the masseter muscle, which plays an important role in oral function, and BMD and osteoporosis in older adults has not been investigated. This study investigated the association between masseter muscle volume (MMV) and old age in relation to osteoporosis prevalence and hip joint BMD. Body composition and BMD of 1534 people aged 65–84 years living in Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. MMV was measured using a three-dimensional medical image analysis system. Participants were divided into five groups based on MMV by 20% for each gender (Quintile 1–5: Q1–5, Q1< Q5). Logistic regression models were employed to estimate multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for osteoporosis determined by T-score (<−2.5 standard deviation) using the Q5 reference. Subsequently, analysis of covariance was used to investigate the relationship between MMV and BMD. Adjustment for age, body mass index, smoking history, alcohol intake, calcium intake, 25(OH)D, diabetes, and osteoporosis drugs or estrogen. In men, Q1 had higher hip osteoporosis prevalence than Q5 (OR 11.65; 95% confidence interval, 1.48–1.62, p=0.020). Further, hip BMD was significantly higher in Q5 than in Q1 (p=0.001). In women, MMV and old age was not associated with osteoporosis prevalence. However, hip BMD was significantly higher in Q3,4 than in Q1 (p=0.003). Older adults with lower MMV had lower BMD in the hip joint. Additionally, men had higher odds of osteoporosis of the hip joint.

who attended desegregated schools reported significantly better reasoning and global cognition.OLS regression analyses found that global cognition, reasoning, language, and working memory were significantly better performance in the OLS regression results.The multivariate analysis found that global cognition and reasoning yielded statistically better performance.Conclusion: Our study provides insights to how cognition varies in Black men depending on the school settings in which they were educated.Additionally, our study finds evidence that past educational policies represent risk for poor cognitive health of older Black men populations.
Abstract citation ID: igad104.3193Time spent out of the home and in the surrounding neighborhood has numerous physical health benefits, but the cognitive benefits are less clear.Evidence suggests that executive functions are important to navigating activity outside the home.This study examined whether time spent outside in participants' immediate neighborhoods was more strongly associated with executive function than memory.Participants were adults with mild cognitive impairment and history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) enrolled in an immersive computer game intervention (N=11; 63.6% male; mean=59.0years, range: 42-75).At baseline, participants completed the Life Space Questionnaire (LSQ) and cognitive tests of Stroop (executive function), Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) (memory), and Pattern Comparison Test (PCT) (processing speed).Cognitive tests were performed on an iPad to precisely measure reaction time.Pearson correlations were used to examine the association between the LSQ and cognitive measures.Although time spent in the neighborhood was not statistically associated with performance on cognitive measures, the magnitude of the correlations was noteworthy.After adjusting for age and education, days spent in the neighborhood were more strongly associated with better executive function (Stroop) (r=-0.58,p=0.10) and processing speed (PCT) (r=-0.27,p=0.49).Additionally, neighborhood exposure explained a larger proportion of the variance in Stroop and PCT rather than in RAVLT.In patients with past TBI, time spent outside of the home in the neighborhood may be associated with better executive functions through engagement with one's environment.We will further describe objective measures of time spent outside the home using GPS.

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN TIME SPENT OUTSIDE THE HOME AND EXECUTIVE FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH PAST TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY
Abstract The relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and oral function has been previously studied.However, the relationship between the masseter muscle, which plays an important role in oral function, and BMD and osteoporosis in older adults has not been investigated.This study investigated the association between masseter muscle volume (MMV) and old age in relation to osteoporosis prevalence and hip joint BMD.Body composition and BMD of 1534 people aged 65-84 years living in Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.MMV was measured using a three-dimensional medical image analysis system.Participants were divided into five groups based on MMV by 20% for each gender (Quintile 1-5: Q1-5, Q1< Q5).Logistic regression models were employed to estimate multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for osteoporosis determined by T-score (<−2.5 standard deviation) using the Q5 reference.Subsequently, analysis of covariance was used to investigate the relationship between MMV and BMD.Adjustment for age, body mass index, smoking history, alcohol intake, calcium intake, 25(OH)D, diabetes, and osteoporosis drugs or estrogen.In men, Q1 had higher hip osteoporosis prevalence than Q5 (OR 11.65; 95% confidence interval, 1.48-1.62,p=0.020).Further, hip BMD was significantly higher in Q5 than in Q1 (p=0.001).In women, MMV and old age was not associated with osteoporosis prevalence.However, hip BMD was significantly higher in Q3,4 than in Q1 (p=0.003).Older adults with lower MMV had lower BMD in the hip joint.Additionally, men had higher odds of osteoporosis of the hip joint.
Abstract citation ID: igad104.3195Exploring the multifaceted interaction of sleep, diseaserelated biomarkers and cognitive decline is of particular importance for aging populations.Sleep quality and the APOE E3/E4 allele has been linked to Alzheimer's Disease (AD).This study aims to examine relationships between older adults' level of cognitive performance, proportion of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and APOE proteotype.Analysis of sleep study data collected in an active lifestyle retirement community -The Villages, Florida was conducted using a subset of markers collected as part of a larger cognitive health study.Polysomnography, cognitive battery (Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA), Trail Making Tests(TMT), Symbol Digit Modalities Test(SDMT), Psychomotor Vigilance Test(PVT)), and APOE blood-biomarker (E2/E3,E3/E3,E3/E4) data were obtained from healthy participants (n=33) aged 55-65.Descriptive statistics, multilinear regression, and ANOVA were used.Participants' mean age was 61.9 years, with 55% being male.Cognitive test scores did not show a significant relationship with REM sleep percentage (p=0.3096).No consistent dispersion or skew was shown in box plot analysis of APOE proteotype across cognitive performance measures.Unexpectedly, although not statistically significant (p=0.396),average REM sleep percentage was higher in the APOE E3/ E4 group (20.04%,Mean:75.44 minutes) as compared to the E3/E3 group (15.99%,Mean: 59.07 minutes).Proteotype E3/E4 was examined specifically due to its potential association with Alzheimer's disease.The REM sleep proportion was lower than the average experienced on a typical night at home, possibly due to study conditions.Further research is needed examining the relationship between older adults with REM sleep insufficiency and cognitive impairment.Objective: To investigate the associations between domain-specific cognitive change and objectively measured change in physical activity in a sample of communitydwelling older adults.We hypothesized that domain-specific changes in cognition are associated with longitudinal changes in physical activity levels.Methods: We used data from 955 participants from The LIFE Study, a multi-center randomized clinical trial.Longitudinal relationships between cognitive domains (i.e., memory, attention, processing speed, executive function) and accelerometer-measured change in daily minutes of physical activity were examined using multivariable linear regression.Cognitive tests included Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MSE), Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT), Digital Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), Task Switching Test, Eriksen Flanker Test and N-Back Test.Physical activity was measured longitudinally using an accelerometer and was categorized to total, light, and moderate to vigorous according to standardized activity count cut points.Results: Our results showed an association between cognitive change in the processing speed domain and change in minutes of total (β = 0.47; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.89; p = 0.034) and light (β = 0.42; 95%CI: 0.03, 0.80; p= 0.033) physical activity.Relationships between all other cognitive assessments and physical activity categories were not statistically significant.Conclusions: This study demonstrates an association between a decline in processing speed and a decline in the duration of total and light daily physical activity in older adults with low to moderate physical function.

ASSOCIATION OF RAPID EYE MOVEMENT SLEEP AND APOE PROTEOTYPE TO COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE IN OLDER ADULTS
Emily Richards 1 , Patrick Donahue 1 , Kyle Moored 2 , Dana Eldreth 3 , Breanna Crane 2 , and Michelle Carlson 2 , 1. Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States, 2. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States, 3. University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States